Calculus

If plaque remains on the teeth it eventually forms tartar or calculus, which is an accumulation of mineral deposits and hardened plaque. As it forms, it creates a rough surface that presents the perfect surface for bacteria to grow. Once calculus is formed it can only be removed by cleaning.

This calculus can either be supragingival or subgingival.

Supragingival calculus It occurs above the gum line and is usually white or pale yellow in appearance. It occurs most frequently on the tongue side of the lower incisors and cheek side of the upper molars. It occurs at this location due to the presence of salivary ducts which secrete saliva rich in mineral necessary for its formation.

Subgingival calculus: It occurs below the gum line and is much darker in colour and more difficult to remove than supragingival calculus. It is distributed evenly in the mouth and is formed by gingival fluid secretion.

Symptoms of Gum Disease

1. Bleeding from gums when you brush or floss.
2. Red, swollen or tender gums.
3. Gums have pulled away from the teeth.
4. Bad breath that does not go away.
5. Pus between the teeth and gums.
6. Drifting of teeth.

Controlling Gum Disease

Gum diseases can be prevented by brushing twice a day with a proper brush and the right brushing technique.

Go for professional cleaning every 6 months to prevent gum disease.