 Leg Stress Fracture, Tibia |
| Liver Injury |
| Neck Dislocation |
| Neck Fracture |
| Neck Sprain |
| Neck Strain |
| Nose Injury |
| Pelvis Strain, Hip-Trunk |
| Pelvis Strain, Ischium |
| Perineum Contusion |
| Rib Dislocation |
| Rib Fracture |
| Rib Sprain |
| Rib Strain |
| Shoulder-Blade (Scapula) Bursitis |
| Shoulder-Blade (Scapula) Contusion |
| Shoulder-Blade Fracture, Acromion |
| Shoulder-Blade (Scapula) Fracture, Coracoid Process |
| Shoulder-Blade (Scapula) Fracture, Glenoid Fossa |
| Shoulder-Blade (Scapula) Fracture, Neck |
| Shoulder-Blade (Scapula) Strain |
| Shoulder Bursitis, Gleno-Humeral |
| Shoulder Bursitis, Subacromial |
| Shoulder Contusion |
| Shoulder Dislocation |
| Shoulder Sprain, Acromio-Clavicular |
| Shoulder Sprain, Gleno-Humeral |
| Shoulder Strain |
| Shoulder Tendinitis & Tenosynovitis |
| Skin Abrasion |
| Skin Laceration |
| Skin Puncture Wound |
| Spine Fracture, Lower Thoracic & Lumber Region |
| Spine Fracture, Sacrum |
| Spine Fracture, Tailbone |
| Spine Stress-Fracture, Neck or Back |
| Spleen Rupture |
| Thigh-Bone Fracture |
| Thigh Contusion |
| Thigh Hematoma |
| Thigh Injury, Hamstring |
| Thigh Strain, Quadriceps |
| Thigh Strain |
| Thumb Fracture |
| Thumb Sprain |
| Toe Dislocation |
| Toe Exostosis |
| Toe Fracture |
| Tooth Injury & loss |
| Wrist Contusion |
| Wrist Dislocation, Lunate |
| Wrist Dislocation, Radius or Ulna |
| Wrist Ganglion |
| Wrist Sprain |
| Wrist Strain |
| Wrist Tenosynovitis |
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Shoulder Strain
Injury to muscles or tendons that attach to bones in the shoulder. Muscles, tendons and bones comprise units. These units stabilize the shoulder and allows its motion. A strain occurs at a unit's weakest part. Strains are of 3 types:
- Mild (Grade I)- Slightly pulled muscle without tearing of muscle or tendon fibers. There is no loss of strength.
- Moderate (Grade II)- Tearing of fibers in a
muscle, tendon or at the attachment to bone. Strength is diminished.
- Severe (Grade III)- Rupture of the muscle-tendon-bone attachment with separation of fibers. Severe strain requires surgical repair. Chronic strains are caused by overuse. Acute strains are caused by direct injury or overstress.
Body Parts Involved
-
Muscles and tendons that attach to bones in the shoulder.
- Bones in the shoulder area, including the
humerus, scapula and clavicle.
- Soft tissue surrounding the strain, including nerves, periosteum (covering to bone), blood vessels and lymph vessels.
Causes
- Prolonged overuse of muscle-tendon unit in the shoulder.
- Single violent blow or force applied to the shoulder.
Signs & Symptoms
-
Pain when moving or stretching the shoulder.
- Muscle spasm in the shoulder.
- Swelling over the injury.
- Loss of strength (moderate or severe strain).
- Crepitation ("crackling") feeling and sound when the injured area is pressed with fingers.
- Calcification of the shoulder muscle or tendon
(visible with X-rays).
- Inflammation of the tendon sheath.
Treatment
Note:- Follow your doctor's instructions. These instructions are supplemental.
First Aid
Use instructions for R.I.C.E., the first letters of rest, ice, compression and elevation.
Continuing Care
- Use ice massage 3 or 4 times a day for 15 minutes at a time. Fill a large Styrofoam cup with water and freeze. Tear a small amount of foam from the top so ice protrudes. Massage firmly over the injured area in a circle about the size of a softball.
- After the first 24 hours, apply heat instead of ice, if it feels better. Use heat lamps, hot soaks, hot showers, heating pads, or heat liniments or ointments.
- Take whirlpool treatments, if available.
- Wrap the injured shoulder with an elasticized bandage between treatments.
- Massage gently and often to provide comfort and decrease swelling.
Medication
- For minor discomfort, you may use:
Aspirin, acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
Topical liniments and ointments.
- Your doctor may prescribe:
Stronger pain relievers.
Injection of a long-acting local anesthetic to reduce pain.
Injections of corticosteroids, such as triamcinolone, to reduce inllammation.
Home Diet
Eat a well-balanced diet that includes extra protein, such as meat, fish, poultry, cheese, milk and eggs. Increase fiber and fluid intake to prevent constipation that may result from decreased activity.
Diagnostic Measures
-
Your own observation of symptoms.
- Medical history and exam by a doctor.
- X-rays of injured areas to rule out fractures.
Prevention Tips
-
Participate in a strengthening and conditioning program appropriate for your sport.
- Warm up before practice or competition.
- Wear protective equipment, such as shoulder pads, for contact sports.
- Avoid overuse. For example, rest between games if you are a pitcher or quarterback.
- To prevent a recurrence, tape the shoulder area before practice or competition.
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